Rat astrocytes (RA) are derived from rat cerebral cortex. They are cryopreserved at second passage and can be cultured and propagated 10 population doublings. RA are the most abundant cells in the central nervous system and they perfom many functions such as provision of mechanical support and nutrients to neurons¹, and removal of wastes from neurons. In addition to playing a critical support role for optimal neuronal functioning, they also provide biochemical support of endothelial cells which form the blood-brain barrier². Recent studies have shown that astrocytes are capable of regulating neurogenesis by instructing the stem cells to adopt a neuronal fate³ and controlling the function of single synapses, participate actively in the transfer and storage of information in the brain⁴. Recognition of the importance of astrocytes in nervous system functioning is increasing, RA can serve as useful in vitro model for exploring the diversity of astrocytes functions.

1. Simpson, I.A. et al, J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 27(11):1766 (2007)* 
2. Abbott, N.J. et al, Nature Rev. Neurosci. 7:41 (2006)* 
3. Song, H., Nature 417:39-44 (2002)* 
4. Perea, G et al,, Science 317(5841):1083 (2007)